In the new age of circular economy system, trade-in scheme is a quite common initiative that manufacturers use to respond to environmental protection requirements. In this study, we focus on two types of trade-ins, i.e., ‘trade old for cash (T-C)’ and ‘trade old for new (T-N)’. To...

This paper analyses a game theoretic model of tax competition in a system where tax authorities are revenue optimisers and countries are differentiated by size. The model accommodates more than two countries. In equilibrium, larger countries set higher tax rates non-cooperatively. By applying...