these facts and quantify their aggregate effects on productivity and income per capita. In our model, men and women are …. In our baseline simulation, we obtain an output per capita loss due to these gender gaps of 9.4 percent, all of which is … due to misallocation of resources and the resulting fall in aggregate productivity. This loss is 1.3 times larger than the …

-force participants, employers, and self-employed. We find that entrepreneurship gender gaps cause an average GDP loss of 6.2%, while … presence of gender gaps in the labor market and examine its consequences. To do the analysis, we use a numerical general …-equilibrium occupational choice model with heterogeneous agents in entrepreneurial ability. We then introduce the observed gender gaps in labor …

about their effects on aggregate productivity and income in Chile. We find that the observed gender gaps in entrepreneurship … aggregate implications of these gender gaps in Chile. We document that in 2007 less than a quarter of firms are managed by women … in Chile generate a fall in aggregate productivity and aggregate income of 7.5%. …

This paper is one of the first to use employer-employee data on wages and labor productivity to measure discrimination … endogeneity issues through a diff GMM-IV estimator. Our models also test for gender-based discrimination. Empirical results for …

acceptance as well as promotion. We focus on a selfdirected measure of productivity: working paper output. This avoids potential … rates by sex, whether in levels, returns to productivity, or coauthorship patterns. …

This paper is one of the first to use employer-employee data on wages and labor productivity to measure discrimination …) and address firm fixed effects and endogeneity issues through a diff GMM-IV estimator. Our models also test for gender …