Climate change adaptation is a major global challenge and key to securing livelihoods and economies in the Global South. Locally-led adaptation (LLA) is gaining momentum as an approach to integrate local context, address equity concerns, and enhance the efficiency of adaptation efforts. This...

This paper analyses the four main types of expenditures of both national and international sources of public funds by the Kenyan ministries based on both Kenyan national budget data and the most relevant disbursement for financing climate activities. Kenya is among the first countries to develop...

This working paper analyses the nature of international adaptation finance received in Kenya and Tanzania, with particular emphasis on the extent to which the projects were devolved and thus potentially more responsive to the priorities for climate change adaptation as determined by local...

This DIIS Working Paper provides a broad overview of the Great Green Wall initiative to draw out lessons learnt from the first half of the programme. Overall, the authors find it unrealistic for the Great Green Wall to significantly alter root causes of migration and conflict in the Sahel region...

Since the Paris Agreement in 2015, adaptation debates have increasingly shifted from focusing narrowly on finance to considerations around governance of programming, implementation and impact of support for climate change mitigation and adaptation. The character of finance for climate change...

Climate change has a severe impact on the livelihoods and economies of developing countries and will constrain achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals on virtually all fronts. While efforts to reduce emissions are obviously vital, it is equally critical that societies adapt to the...

Nature-based Solutions (NbS) to climate- and development-related challenges have recently gained attention in development cooperation. This Working Paper focuses on nature-based solutions to climate change adaptation, also known as Ecosystem-based Adaptation (EbA). It provides an overview of...

Biodiversity conservation is critical to address the loss of species and ecosystems, and a key component in Nature-based Solutions to development and climate change challenges. Denmark's strategy for development cooperation aims to strengthen biodiversity conservation and emphasises the...

Climate change is widely expected to produce new and/or intensified mobility patterns, including migration and displacement. However, research on the relationship between climate change and human mobility is limited, especially regarding the role of governance contexts and interventions in...