The Working Time Directive (WTD) provides a definition of working time as "any period during which the worker is working, at the employer's disposal and carrying out his activity or duties, in accordance with national laws and/or practice" (WTD, Article 2). Rest time is any period which is not...

Working time regulation can achieve some of the goals that a right to disconnect would provide. The protection of workers' health and safety is the objective of the Working Time Directive (Directive 2003/88; WTD), which assumes that lengthy working hours and a lack of opportunities for rest pose...

The report is a comparative analysis of three survey waves (2015, 2017 and 2019) carried out by Germany's Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA) using computer-assisted telephone interviews with randomly selected persons in Germany of at least 15 years of age and in gainful...