In Austria, the apprenticeship system provides all citizens, including the less able among them, with a training option …

OpenStreetMap can significantly improve estimates of labor force participation and unemployment rates. Incorporating geospatial … information substantially increases the accuracy of male and female labor force participation and unemployment rates at the state … unemployment. Small area estimation using a nested error conditional random effect model also greatly improves municipal estimates …

during the 1970s, youth minimum wages were lowered in the 1980s, in response to the large increase of youth unemployment …. Analyses the employment effects of lowering youth minimum wages. Looks at macro and micro evidence. At the macro level, does … not find convincing evidence of negative effects of youth minimum wages on youth employment. Constructs a micro model in …

specifications and in highly concentrated labour markets (representing a relatively small share of employment). Firms' training …Local labour market concentration may influence firms' employment responses to minimum wages. We evaluate this … wages. We find that, consistently with monopsony views, the negative effects of minimum wages on employment are reduced when …

‐evaluated vis‐à‐vis both their labour‐market policies. We present a statistical comparison of employment and unemployment in the two …