Purpose: Although manufacturers have traditionally viewed reverse supply chain (RSC) activities as a costly nuisance, more recent research has found that the RSC can contribute to the firm’s financial performance. The purpose of this paper is to identify how the RSC can contribute to the...

Purpose: While forward logistics handles and manages the flow of goods downstream in the supply chain from suppliers to customers, reverse logistics (RL) manages the flow of returned goods upstream. A firm can combine RL with forward logistics, keep the flows separated, or choose a position...

The hypothesis that income distribution follows an inverted-U pattern with respect to economic growth has been tested against US time-series data by several authors, and rejected. We reconsider this issue, paying special attention to data non-stationarity, and the use of 'unbalanced' Seemingly...