Purpose Ability to identify and meet stakeholder expectations is seen as imperative for succeeding in corporate responsibility (CR). However, the existing literature of CR communication treats expectations predominantly as positive constructions. The purpose of this paper is to address this...

Introduction -- Finnish paternalism at the start of the industrial revolution -- The Nordic welfare state as a backdrop for CSR -- The dawn of stakeholder thinking in Nordic countries -- The public sector: hard and soft regulation -- The private sector: an on-going transformation -- The...