Although airlines are increasingly outsourcing to achieve competitiveness in ever more challenging business environments, this practice is not always successful and its theoretical justification has not been fully explored. The paper compares the extent to which a number of key resources and...

This paper applies the transaction cost framework to the organisation of product sourcing and development (PS&D) activities within the popular music industry. Two firm types characterise the industry and this particular set of activities; large multinational firms (`majors') and smaller...