This article presents a market-based idea to compensate for earthquake damage caused by the extraction of natural gas … and applies it to the case of Groningen in the Netherlands. Earthquake certificates give homeowners a right to yearly … annual gas revenues of the Dutch government, Shell and ExxonMobil and may vary based on the intensity of earthquakes in the …

We provide the first household survey-based evidence on the impact of the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake on the welfare of … there was an overwhelming government response to the disaster. Subsidies provided to households in 2008 were so large that … distance from the epicenter as an instrument for earthquake damage, we find a strong positive statistical relationship between …