Frequently, manufacturers experience supply disruptions due to supplier bankruptcies. Manufacturers can increase supplier reliability by providing suppliers subsidies in excess of suppliers' production costs. We examine the optimal subsidy decisions of manufacturers in four supply chain...

Energy generation from intermittent renewable sources introduces additional variability into electrical systems, resulting in a higher cost of balancing against the increased variabilities. Ways to balance demand and supply for electricity include using flexible generation resources, storage...

Problem Definition: By providing an environmentally friendly alternative to traditional vehicles, electric vehicles will transform urban mobility, particularly in smart cities. In practice, once an electric vehicle is plugged in, the charging station completes charging as soon as possible. Given...