Belke, Ansgar; Mattes, Anselm; Wang, Lars - In: Applied Economics Quarterly (formerly: Konjunkturpolitik) 57 (2011) 1, pp. 67-87
In this paper we argue that traditional measures of openness of an economy usually overstate the actual degree of openness. This is due to the fact that traditional export or import shares are measured as a share of the gross domestic product. The former are expressed in gross terms, the latter...
