This paper examines a framework in which politicians can decrease unemployment via active labor market policies (ALMP). We combine theoretical models on partisan and opportunistic cycles and assume that voters are ignorant of the necessary facts to make informed voting decisions. The model...

This paper examines how electoral motives and government ideology influence active labor market policies (ALMP). We present a model that explains how politicians strategically use ALMP to generate political cycles in unemployment and the budget deficit. Election-motivated politicians increase...

The budget of the European Union is an important tool of effective and productive implementation of common policies that are pursued within the Union. The European Commission was authorised with the review of the Union budget for the 2008-2009 period. In this study, after explanation of the...

The European Union Budget is a financial intermediary with which Member States would like to reflect their policy priorities and complied based on the socio-economic conditions of the Union. In this study, the said intermediary is assessed in respect to revenue items. The revenue items of the...

Seit dem Haushaltsjahr 2020 sind die Bundesländer verpflichtet, das Verschuldungsverbot nach Art. 109 (3) GG zu beachten. In diesem Zusammenhang konnten sie sich für ein Konjunkturbereinigungsverfahren entscheiden. Mit Ausnahme von Bayern wenden alle Bundesländer ein solches Verfahren zur...

The OPEC countries rely on oil to fund their budgets, similar to many countries worldwide. However, the fall in oil prices in 2008 and 2014 put significant strain on their public finances, including healthcare finances. This study examines the effect of the fall in oil prices on OPEC countries'...

The theoretical literature on common pool problems in fiscal policy suggests that government fragmentation increases public expenditures. In parliamentary regimes, the fragmentation hypothesis refers to (i) coalition governments and (ii) cabinet size. This paper explores the effect of coalition...

We present a framework of investigation into the political economy of the budget process. Our model suggests that institutional rules governing the budget process can be found to limit the importance of fiscal illusion. Empirical evidence supports that proposition. The choice of rules depends on...

El Programa Nacional de Movilización para la Alfabetización (PRONAMA) fue creado en el año 2006 con la finalidad de erradicar el analfabetismo en el Perú (mediante el subprograma de alfabetización) y corregir el efecto de regresión (a través del subprograma de continuidad educativa). A...

The Peruvian Literacy Program (PRONAMA) was created in 2006 in order to eradicate illiteracy in Peru (through the literacy sub-program) and to correct the regression effect (through the education continuity sub-program). Although the PRONAMA was closed in 2012, Peru still needs this program...