The first objective of this report is to get a detailed picture of the most important EU-28's aggregate trade flows of non-energy and non-food raw materials commodities (NFNERM) over the period 2011-2016, by identifying its most traded products and main supplying and destination countries. In...

The R&I Observatory country report 2017 provides a brief analysis of the R&I system covering the economic context, main actors, funding trends & human resources, policies to address R&I challenges, and R&I in national and regional smart specialisation strategies. Data is from Eurostat, unless...

Mosquitoes and ticks can transmit viruses to humans. They can be either direct vectors without any intermediate host (as is the case for mosquitoes) or have an intermediate host (as is the case for ticks). In recent years, due to global temperature changes, two phenomena have been observed i)...

This report follows the work carried out over the last few years by the European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC) and, since 2015, by its Disaster Risk Management Knowledge Centre (DRMKC), in collaboration with DG European Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid Operations (ECHO). In...

This report is the first part of a dilogy which aims to be a compendium for regulators without a specific background in risk and safety assessment. It describes the state-ofthe- art of the safety-related equipment, methods, procedures and projects available nowadays for the prevention of risks,...

This report describes the production of ERM®-CC537a, a sediment certified for the mass fraction of polybrominated diphenyl ethers PBDE 28, 47, 99, 100, 153, 154, 183 and 209 (further referred as BDEs) and of α-, β- and γ-hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) on a dry mass basis. This material was...

The European Union Reference Laboratory for Feed Additives (EURL-FA), hosted by the Joint Research Centre (JRC), a Directorate General of the European Commission, has been mandated by the Directorate General for Health and Food Safety (DG SANTE) to organise a proficiency test (PT) among...

The Joint Research Centre (JRC) invites you to discover how it places science at the heart of European policymaking. For about 60 years now, the JRC has been acting as a science provider and knowledge broker. It contributes to ensuring that policymakers have the best available evidence when...

This report describes the production of ERM-BD512, which is a matrix material certified for the mass fraction of cadmium, copper, manganese and nickel. This material was produced following ISO Guide 34:2009 and is certified in accordance with ISO Guide 35:2006. The CRM was produced from...

The European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC) is the technical and scientific leader of the Index for Risk Management (INFORM), being the responsible for the development of its methodological improvements and their corresponding implementation. This publication describes the major...