Distributed Energy Resources (DER) are decentralised small-scale power generation sources located near end-user consumers that supply part or all of their electricity demand. DER are increasingly seen as key to the development of a sustainable low-carbon power system. - DER technologies offer...

The empirical literature indicates that, in Phases I and II, the impact of the EU ETS on low-carbon innovation was moderate. The findings of one prominent study, which measures innovation output by patent counts, present a more clearly positive picture. - The empirical literature indicates that,...

The current EU climate end energy package includes several policies to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2020. The main instrument is the EU Emission Trading System (EU ETS). The complexity of this policy package flags up synergies and interactions among different climate policy...

This report was produced as part of the THINK project. The current EU involvement in the regulation of TSO revenues and transmission grid tarification is limited and mainly addresses issues related to interconnection and supply security as well as the definition of underlying principles for...

This report was produced as part of the THINK project. Following the European Council's target to reduce greenhouse gas emissions 80 to 95% below 1990 levels by 2050, the European Commission recently released a roadmap that already indicates what could be the relative contributions of the...

This report was produced as part of the THINK project. The current EU involvement in the regulation of TSO revenues and transmission grid tarification is limited and mainly addresses issues related to interconnection and supply security as well as the definition of underlying principles for...

Developments in both gas and electricity are fast moving with higher risks for stranded assets in Trans-European Networks. This puts increasingly higher demands on the CBA method that is used to select priority investments. Standing still in the development of that method would be going...

Developments in both gas and electricity are fast moving with higher risks for stranded assets in Trans-European Networks. This puts increasingly higher demands on the CBA method that is used to select priority investments. Standing still in the development of that method would be going...