The theoretical and empirical international trade literature suggests that there is long-term valuation/devaluation of the real exchange rate in the developed/undeveloped economies. We argue that the real exchange rate is affected by: i) intercountry differentials of the services sector...

The international financial instability of the 1990 has been analysed in several occasions on Minskyan perspectives. The paper is based on this theoretical approach and intends to demonstrate that the financial fragility hypothesis is very useful to the analysis of the cycle in peripheral...