This paper analyses whether interest rate paths in the EMU member countries would have been different if the previous national central banks had not handed over monetary policy to the ECB. Using estimates of monetary policy reaction functions over the last 20 years before the formation of EMU,...

This study examines the proposition that destabilizing speculation caused the overvaluation of the pound sterling in mid-1924 and the depreciation of the franc Poincare in mid-1925, by testing for the existence of long-run purchasing power parity in the 1920s for the dollar/sterling,...

The monetary model of exchange rate determination is tested by means of cointegration analysis for three bilateral drachma exchange rates over the period September 1919 to April 1928. Strong evidence is obtained for the drachma-US dollar case of a long-run relationship which is identified with...

Using a number of theoretical considerations, we define distinct periods of anxiety for key economic agents that are involved in lending decisions; namely, consumers, CEOs, and banks. The main characteristic of anxious periods is that the perceptions and expectations about economic conditions...

We use multivariate cointegration techniques to examine market efficiency with respect to five bilateral exchange rates of the Greek drachma. The conclusion is that the five exchange rates possess one long-run relationship and that the existence of the cointegration relation is not affected by...