In a market with one safe and one risky asset, an investor with a long horizon, constantinvestment opportunities, and constant relative risk aversion trades with small proportionaltransaction costs. We derive explicit formulas for the optimal investment policy, its impliedwelfare, liquidity...

For portfolio choice problems with proportional transaction costs, we discuss whether or not there exists a shadow price, i.e., a least favorable frictionless market extension leading to the same optimal strategy and utility. By means of an explicit counter-example, we show that shadow prices...