A house is a bundle of land and improvements, with the weights of the two components varying both over time and across locations. We capture the land intensity or 'leverage' of a property by measuring the ratio of land to total value. This is accomplished using transactions data for single...

We use sector level REIT and transaction-based direct real estate data for the U.S. to provide a clearer understanding of the dynamic relations between public and private real estate returns. We exclude leverage from REIT returns to make the REIT data more comparable with the direct market data....

This paper analyzes the relationships between local and global securitized real estate markets, but also between securitized real estate and common stock markets. First, the volatility transmissions across markets are examined using an asymmetric t-BEKK (Baba-Engle-Kraft-Kroner) specification of...

This paper uses fractional cointegration analysis to examine whether long-run relations exist between securitized real estate returns and three sets of variables frequently used in the literature as the factors driving securitized real estate returns. That is, we examine whether such...

In contrast to many other countries, Switzerland generally has not seen soaring house prices in the 2000s and house prices have only recently started to diminish slightly. Also, Swiss authorities do not engage in trying to increase the homeownership rate much above its current level. In this...

Using data for the 1978-2008 period, this study presents evidence for cointegration between securitized (NAREIT) and direct (NCREIF) total return indices. Cointegration between the indices indicates that REITs and direct real estate are substitutable in the portfolio of a long-horizon...