Conventional wisdom claims that Brazilian economic governance underwent a sea-change over the three decades between the return to democracy and the election of 2018. Yet even during moments of intense reform, Brazil adopted a much more moderate and incremental approach than its Latin American...

Amidst the current economic crisis in Brazil, it is often forgotten that the structure of the Brazilian economy, and especially the strong role of the state as an economic actor, predates the Workers' Party administrations (2003-present) and has been a fixture of the democratic regime. This...

A Chapter 15 bankruptcy is the best option for restructuring PDVSA's debts because it would provide PDVSA with benefits that no other restructuring can offer — it would protect PDVSA's assets and restructure its debts through one unified process. Venezuela could enact a Chapter 15 solution in...

The Australian National University (ANU) Centre for Gambling Research (CGR) was funded by the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) Gambling and Racing Commission to conduct the 2019 ACT Gambling Survey. The 2019 survey saw 10,000 ACT adult residents interviewed over a 6-week period (April–May...

Whenever treatment effects are heterogeneous and there is sorting into treatment based on the gain, monotonicity is a condition that both Instrumental Variable and fuzzy Regression Discontinuity designs have to satisfy for their estimand to be interpretable as a LATE. Angrist and Imbens (1995)...

Over the course of the past thirty years, the Brazilian judiciary has been remade. The courts have left behind the timidity of the military authoritarian era, as death and retirements gave rise to new corps of senior judges and a new constitution transformed their basic institutional...

Drawing on in-depth analysis of nineteen criminal networks in the Americas, this paper develops a multidimensional typology of criminal organization that can be used by policymakers to more effectively target criminal networks. The typology distinguishes between criminal networks by evaluating...

Whenever treatment effects are heterogeneous and there is sorting into treatment based on the gain, monotonicity is a condition that both Instrumental Variable and fuzzy Regression Discontinuity designs have to satisfy for their estimand to be interpretable as a LATE. Angrist and Imbens (1995)...