Using data of Japanese electronics firms that have foreign direct investment (FDI) in the United States and Canada, this study employed a causal modeling framework to test hypotheses regarding the influence of firms' strategic advantages on the scale of their foreign subsidiaries. Our results...

This paper examines the relationship between attributes of Japanese electronics firms and the sequence of their investments in the U.S. and Canada. It is argued that a useful way to model foreign direct investment (FDI) decisions is to recognize explicitly the uncertainties involved in them. A...

This paper examines how firms' modal choice is influenced by their exposure to dissemination risks, need for strategic control and possession of global management skills. A probabilistic model is specified. The following hypotheses are incorporated in the model: the probability of choosing a...

This paper examines the influence of consumers’ moral intensity, perceived risks and moral judgment on their purchase intention of pirated software. The aspects of moral intensity include magnitude of consequence, social consensus, probability of effect and temporal immediacy. The perceived...