The construction of a probabilistic model is a key step in most decision and risk analyses. Typically this is done by defining a joint distribution in terms of marginal and conditional distributions for the model's random variables. We describe an alternative approach that uses a copula to...

All statistical models must be identified if the estimates are to be meaningful. Determining the identification status of the measurement portion of a structural equation model can be difficult because the resulting system of covariance equations is nonlinear. The recent literature on...

After specification of a structural equation model and before estimation of parameters, the identification status of the model must be determined. For the measurement portion of the model, however, there are very few rules to help the researcher verify whether the model is identified or not....