This paper surveys the debate on arms-length and relationship-based financial systems with a special focus on the Eastern Europe and Central Asia region. The paper argues that while the initial dominance of relationship-based systems in the region is consistent with the implications of the...

While international capital flows are rising, the role of banks in the economy is changing and stock markets in OECD and eastern European countries play an increasing role for financing investment and innovation. Economic catching up of eastern Europe, European Monetary Union and problems of...