A worker can contribute pre-tax dollars to a private pension plan. Under a progressive tax, this feature reduces income taxes. Ippolito (1986) argues that an individual in 1979 can reduce lifetime taxes by 20%. We re-examine his analysis using the complete time-series of US income tax history...

Typical textbook treatments of tax-advantaged retirement savings focus on legalistic characteristics such as contribution limits and early withdrawal penalties. Popular press articles often present a myriad of details on the effects of inflation, rates of return, expected tax rates, ordinary...