The purpose of the present study was to investigate the cost and production structure of mass transit systems using both panel and time series data. Accepting cost minimization (subject to a set of constraints that reflect demand, regulatory, and urban setting conditions) as the economic...

A regional railroad network is presented to evaluate the system's response to increased coal traffic. An optimal, multimodal, coal-shipping pattern is developed for the study region to minimize total costs and to efficiently use the existing network. A two-stage, general model allocates...