This study looks at the Euro from a number of different angles. It first examines the theoretical basis for a single currency area in Europe, and then outlines the history of that single currency's creation, from the 'snake' in the 1970s to the introduction of Euro notes and coins at the...

Everyone believes that they know what an interest rate is. This study, however, examines some of the theoretical and practical complexities: the differences between interest, rent and profit; between nominal and real rates; between long and short rates; and how these interact. It looks, in...

Once the euro is a reality, participating Member States will be unable to alter exchange and interest rates. Nor will there be a large federal budget and significant labour mobility, as in the US. How will they then cope with 'asymmetric shocks' ? This study examines these questions in the light...

This report is a succinct description of the sociolinguistic situation of a number of minority language communities living in the following six European States applying for European Union membership: Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Poland and Slovenia.

Water security is a major threat to development and food security in many parts of the world. The study examines problems of water management and proposes strategies for conflict prevention and techniques for a better management of resources with a view to sustainable development.

Multilateral trade negotiations limited to agriculture started again in March 2000. Set out in Article 20 of the Agreement on Agriculture, they are among the WTOs built-in agenda commitments which Member countries entered into when signing the Final Act Embodying the Results of the Uruguay Round...

The purpose of this research is to examine whether there is common legislation and common policies in each Member State as well as in each of the candidate countries of the European Union to guarantee the right to defence and fair legal procedures. The study therefore analyses the domestic...

In 2004 ten more countries (Czech Republic, Cyprus, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia) will come into the European Union. In addition, Bulgaria and Romania are scheduled to join in 2007, with negotiations with Turkey starting at that point. This study...

This study is essentially an updated version of two earlier texts in this series: Tax Competition in the European Union (ECON 105 of October 1998) and Tax Co-ordination in the European Union (ECON 125 of January 2001). It covers much of the same ground as these studies, but takes into account...