The liberalisation of electric-power markets has mixed implications for the upkeep of environmental policies. A further regulatory completion of the liberalisation of electric-power markets within a sound social-economic and sustainability setting requires steps that incite the introduction of...

The study concerns an assessment of the effectiveness of car purchase tax differentiation according to the CO2-emission performance of newly sold cars as implemented in Finland. This policy instrument came into force as of 1 January 2008. The effectiveness of the instrument is assessed by means...

Despite a large body of literature on the negative impacts and externalities of transport systems, it is difficult for policy‐makers to infer a coherent message about whether intervention should be considered, and if so, how to weigh the relative importance of multiple domains of impact. This...

Due to the climate change, the frequency and magnitude of extreme weather events, such as flooding and droughts, are predicted to increase in many parts of the world. Extreme weather events may cause significant material and human losses. In our study, we wanted to investigate how these events...

The provision of transport infrastructure outside the most populated regions in Finland has been under budgetary pressure for more than decade. Furthermore, many of these less populated areas suffer a decline of the population, which adds to the stress on these regional economies. The prolonged...

This report is the fifth in a series of reports produced by the Climate Bonus study. In this project is surveyed what are the possibilities and effectiveness of the combined use of (1) verified carbon footprints (possibly visualised through labels), (2) personalised monitoring and feedback...

This report is the third in a series of reports produced by the Climate Bonus study. In this project is surveyed what are the possibilities and effectiveness of the combined use of (1) verified carbon footprints (possibly visualised through labels), (2) personalised monitoring and feedback...