In economic models of energy and climate policy, endogenous technological change is generally introduced as the result of either investment in research-and-development or of learningby-doing. In this paper, we analyze alternative ways of modeling learning-by-doing in the renewable energy sector...

In economic models of energy and climate policy, endogenous technological change is generally introduced as the result of either investment in research-and-development or of learningby-doing. In this paper, we analyze alternative ways of modeling learning-by-doing in the renewable energy sector...

In October 2003, the European Union introduced a Directive which widens the scope of the EU's minimum taxation system from mineral oils to all energy products including coal, natural gas and electricity. It aims at reducing distortions that currently exist between Member States as well as...