Early in his career, Edwin Mansfield focused on thedeterminants of the evolutionary process by which firms are created and thengrow. Toward the end of his career, he pioneered research that focused on theexternal sources of research and development, and especially on universities asinputs into...

An examination of whether the institutional differencein universities makes a difference in facilitating spillover and thecommercialization of knowledge is conducted. Specifically, the impacts of twodifferent types of universities in Germany--general universities and technicaluniversities--are...