We assess the determinants of the wide variation in the efficiency of foreign aid activities across US-based non-governmental organizations (NGOs). In particular, we analyze whether noncharitable expenditures for administration, management and fundraising depend on the intensity of competition...

This paper assesses the empirical relevance of various conjectures about what determined whether creditors would issue loans to developing countries in the 1980s. With the onset of the debt crisis, private creditors began to honour debtors who improved economic performance and policies. Private...