Whereas the number of paid overtime hours declined over the last decade, a different trend can be observed for unpaid overtime work in Germany. We look at the future consequences for overtime workers, and therefore investigate the investment character of working time. We examine whether unpaid...

SFB 649 Discussion Paper 2005-032 Working Time as an Investment? – The Effects of Unpaid Overtime on Wages, Promotions and Layoffs Silke Anger* * Department of Economics, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany This research was supported by the Deutsche...

Empirical studies on the earnings effects of tobacco use have found significant wage penalties attached to smoking. We produce evidence that suggests that these estimates are significantly upward biased. The bias arises from a general failure in the literature to control for the past smoking...