Current International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) define fair value as a transaction price. In imperfect markets, buyer's and seller's marginal prices, at which they are rationally willing to transact, differ. The transaction price can be any amount within the range between those...

<title>Abstract</title> Entities reporting under IFRSs are required to determine a value in use in accordance with IAS 36: Impairment of Assets. The value in use is the present value of the expected future cash flows. Appendix A to the standard gives guidance on how to apply the DCF calculus in the context of...

<title>Abstract</title>It is a traditional convention in accounting to distinguish between two classes of claims, liabilities and equity. The International Accounting Standards Board and the Financial Accounting Standards Board have been using a dichotomous classification approach, adhering to this convention....