Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to analyze and compare the similarities in the foreign trade patterns of China and the other BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) members. Design/methodology/approach: Three panel data estimations, namely, fixed effect, random effect and...

In recent years, it has become increasingly important to incorporate explicit dynamics in economic analysis. These two tools that mathematicians have developed, differential equations and optimal control theory, are probably the most basic for economists to analyze dynamic problems. In this...