countries or high-income countries as a group, or for the world as a whole. This paper seeks to fill this gap. The paper begins …

economy theory, a set of political econometric equations and knowledge of current World Trade Organization (WTO)-bound tariffs …

the remaining distortions to world merchandise trade on poverty and inequality globally and in various developing …

For individual countries, variable trade barriers can be used to reduce the volatility of domestic relative to world … prices. If this is done by countries accounting for a large share of the market, its effect is offset by increases in world … classifying themselves at the World Trade Organization as developing account for only 3 percent of world rice consumption. But it …