) from upper-tail knowledge. As a proxy for the historical presence of knowledge elites, we use city-level subscriptions to … firm survey from the 1840s, we shed light on the mechanism: upper-tail knowledge raised productivity in innovative …

The pace of innovation is related both to the level of investment in innovation and the pool of knowledge from which … innovators can draw. Both of these are endogenous: Investments in innovations are affected by the pool of knowledge and the …

informational role of cities is a primary reason for" their continued existence. This paper formalizes Marshall's theory in a model … of other implications of the theory are corroborated" empirically …

An inventor's own knowledge is a key input in the innovation process. This knowledge can be built by interacting with … inventors using inventor knowledge. The evolution of an inventor's knowledge is explained through the lens of a diffusion model …, age-dependent source that captures alternative learning channels, such as learning-by-doing. Thus, our knowledge diffusion …

the creation and dissemination of productive knowledge help explain the European advantage. We build a model of … technological progress in a pre-industrial economy that emphasizes the person-to-person transmission of tacit knowledge. The young … explain the rise of Europe relative to regions that relied on the transmission of knowledge within extended families or clans …

The generation and implementation of ideas, or knowledge, is crucial for economic performance. We study this process in … a model of endogenous growth with frictions. Productivity increases with knowledge, which advances via innovation, and … characterize optimal policies to subsidize research and trade in ideas, given both knowledge and search externalities. We discuss …