poverty reduction is measured by life expectancy and infant mortality rate. However, the study failed to find any causality …

expenditure (Pov1), infant mortality rate (Pov2), and life expectancy (Pov3). The findings from this study revealed that FDI has a … poverty reduction measure. When infant mortality rate is used as a poverty reduction proxy, an insignificant relationship is …

the highest rate of child mortality in the world. This study, therefore, investigates the effect of FDI on child health … outcomes in 39 African countries from 1980 to 2018. Neonatal and infant mortality rates are used to proxy child health outcomes …. Thus, in African governments' quest to reduce child mortality, a major useful strategy could be attracting more FDI inflows. …

employs three poverty reduction proxies, namely, household consumption expenditure (Pov1), infant mortality rate (Pov2), and …-run positive impact on poverty reduction when infant mortality rate is used as a proxy for poverty reduction. However, when infant … mortality rate and life expectancy care used as poverty reduction proxies, FDI has no impact on poverty reduction. This applies …