Located at the geographical intersection between East and West, with both Mediterranean and Black Sea coasts, Turkey was always a country with large movements of people. There were several waves of forced (ethnic) movement of people as a consequence of the collapse of the Ottoman Empire and the...

The scope of this policy paper is to identify how the EU and its Member States could use availability and skills of today's and future immigrant populations in order to address economic and demographic challenges. To this end, it provides an analysis of the status quo and suggestions regarding...

Vor zehn Jahren, am 14. März 2003, hat Gerhard Schröder seine inzwischen legendäre Agenda 2010 auf den Weg gebracht. "Wir werden Leistungen des Staates kürzen, Eigenverantwortung fördern und mehr Eigenleistung von jedem Einzelnen abordern müssen". Das waren die zentralen Anliegen seiner...

Die Fakten sprechen eine klare Sprache. Die neue Bundesregierung steht vor großen Aufgaben. Deutschland leidet unter den kostspieligen Folgen der schwersten Rezession der Nachkriegszeit. Die Wirtschaft wächst zwar wieder, aber nur langsam. Das Bruttoinlandprodukt dürfte nach einem Minus von...

While Turkey has opened up for trade, and export orientation has been seen as an important tool for development, foreign direct investments (FDI) have lagged behind. Turkey has not attracted a lot of FDI. Less than one billion US-$ FDI came to Turkey per year before 2000. In the last decade, FDI...

The end of the Cold War has been a catalyst for Turkish economic relations with its neighbors. Turkey moved from the periphery to the center of a region that is transforming politically, socially and economically very fast. It is now surrounded by 13 sovereign nation states, which are more or...

The end of the Cold War changed the political landscape of the Black Sea area and the Middle East completely: In the North-East, the collapse of the Soviet Union was followed by the nascence of new sovereign nation states - with all the problems of nation building and all the costs of going...

The Turkish economy has gone through a fast and strong change in recent years. Three dimensions are of special significance: 1. Firstly, the Turkish economy has grown very quickly, with three severe recessions in 1994, 2000/1 and 2009. 2. Secondly, it has opened up rapidly but is still not that...