There is growing concern about the decline of the ore grade in mines and the increased energy usage for processing and refining metals. In the limit, where no concentrated deposits exist, minerals must be obtained from bare rock. A method for quantitatively assessing the "free bonus" granted by...

In recent years, the Chinese government has committed additional resources in promoting research and development (R&D). At the same time, China has started implementing a more targeted foreign direct investment (FDI) policy. Using firm level panel data from China's iron ore mining industry, this...

The public trust doctrine makes natural resources a part of the commons, owned equally by all, and legally owned by the state. The resources and opportunities that the present generation have inherited must be available to future generations in perpetuity. In the Goa mining case, the Supreme...

In this case, the Supreme Court of Appeal upheld the decision of Zondo J in Sishen Iron Ore Company (Pty) Limited v Minister of Mineral Resources (28980/10) [2011] ZAGPPHC 220 (20 December 2011) in respect of the extinction of an undivided share in an old order mining right that had been held...

The international community assumes that most of the profits from North Korea's mineral exports are diverted to the development of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) such as nuclear weapons and ballistic missiles. This belief has led to the implementation of strong export sanctions since the...

This paper investigates the time-series properties of the price of iron ore. The focus is on testing a unit-root null hypothesis against a trend-stationary alternative, with a structural break allowed under both hypotheses. We consider unit-root tests with or without structural breaks, applied...

This study examines the utilization of iron ore in India. It takes into account thesignificant reserves of iron ore in India and allays fears that the country's steel industrywill run out of iron ore resources if exports continue at the current level. On the contrary,it says that exports are...

As the world's largest importer, trading of iron ore occupies a pivotal position in China's international trade. In order to seek the decision power of deciding the price for iron ore, China's Dalian Commodity Exchange (DCE) listed iron ore futures in October 2013,which has become the world's...