types of institutions ?banks and non-bank financial institutions ?have a (significantly different) impact on local economic … growth. Our findings show that banks outperfirm non-bank financial institutions. Only banking development exerts a …

-up firms over the period 2007-2009, we find that high-tech startups are less likely to use bank finance and face more … difficulties in raising bank finance than low-tech start-ups. We find that external credit scores do affect the availability of …-tech start-ups than low-tech start-ups. Start-ups that have their main relation with a small bank use more bank finance and …

This paper studies the impact of bank mergers on firm-bank lending relationships using information from individual loan … contracts in Belgium. We analyse the effects of bank mergers on the probability of borrowers maintaining their lending … relationships and on their ability to continue tapping bank credit. The environment reflects a number of interesting features: high …

Assessing the impacts of bank mergers on small firms requires separating borrowers with single versus multiple banking …-relationship borrowers who "switch" to another bank following a merger will be less harmed than those whose relationship is "dropped" and not … to be dropped. We track post-merger performance and show that many dropped target-bank borrowers are harmed by the merger …