Most public expenditure on childcare in the US is made through a federal program, the Child Care and Development Fund … employment and reduce welfare dependence among low-income families. Childcare subsidies have been effective in enabling parents …

childcare provided under the Affordable Childcare Scheme and Medical and GP-Visit Cards. Financial work incentives do not … usuallytake account of childcare costs or non-cash benefits that may be withdrawn as a person earns more. In this paper we use … the amount of time parents of young children spend at work results in the need to pay for childcare, the inclusion of …

bucket”. We analyze the MECR of an income-contingent childcare subsidy program and the income tax within the German context …, using a dynamic structural heterogeneous-household model of childcare demand and maternal labor supply. This allows us to … forces. (i) Labor supply responses increase the MECR of the childcare subsidy relative to the income tax. (ii) Child …

surveillance exercise, suggests that increased spending on childcare and early childhood education might usefully be part of any …

bucket” to compare the MECR of an income-contingent childcare subsidy program and of the income-contingent tax and transfer … schedule. We set up a dynamic structural model of heterogeneous households choosing their childcare demand and maternal labor … supply. Allowing for the availability of informal childcare and for consumption of leisure, we estimate this model within the …