development, it is not sufficient. Both trade and foreign direct investment create innovation assymetries hindering lagging … including a dynamic human development trap, endogenous technological change, technology transfer and trade. Divergent and … convergent steady states, with and without a human development trap, exist under both autarchy and free trade. The model explains …

. In doing so, it considers the main channels of transmission, to focus on international trade, investment, finance and … potential. In future, these countries could also provide resources for investment and technologies for productivity. The …