"Before industrialization, traditional communities - families, local neighborhoods, and religious groups - were meant to safeguard their members from risks like poverty. As the transition into industrialization produced new risks or generalized previously limited risks, this fallback system...

"In this paper we study the effect of small labor market entry cohorts on (un)employment in Western Germany. From a theoretical point of view, decreasing cohort sizes may on the one hand reduce unemployment due to 'inverse cohort crowding' or on the other hand increase unemployment if companies...

"Before industrialization, traditional communities - families, local neighborhoods, and religious groups - were meant to safeguard their members from risks like poverty. As the transition into industrialization produced new risks or generalized previously limited risks, this fallback system...