As a project appraisal tool, the preliminary feasibility study (PFS) has contributed to enhancing the efficiency of public investment decisionmaking in the Republic of Korea over the last two decades. To overcome the limitations of the efficiency-oriented cost-benefit analysis, the PFS...

There is nothing new about the resurface on the debate of the expansion of the underground economy in times of crisis. It is a reiterated topic claiming that irregular practices in the economy are cushioning the social effects in times of economic depression. However, the extensive literature...

In April 2008, the specialization in departments of obstetrics and gynecology was conducted in Sennan area of Osaka prefecture in Japan, which aims at solving the problems of regional provision of obstetrical service. Under this specialization, the departments of obstetrics and gynecology in two...