Economic integration lowers one form of trade costs, tariffs, and stimulates changes in other trade costs. This paper … offers a model in which integration may raise or lower the important trade cost associated with insecurity. The model can … integration with trade policy integration. …

Economics at Columbia University, has made pathbreaking contributions to the theory of international trade and commercial policy … trade policy, Bhagwati's most recent area of interest, is the theme of this collection which addresses salient topics …

This volume of original essays brings the practical world of trade policy and of government and business strategy … together with the world of academic trade theory. It focuses in particular on the impact of changes in the international trade … environment and on how new developments and theory can guide our trade policy. …

Predation---extortion or theft---imposes significant endogenous costs on trade, with rich implications for trade policy …. The model of this paper shows that the response of trade to liberalization depends on the strength of enforcement against … predators. Efficient commercial policy may either tax or subsidize trade. The Mercantilist predilection for trade monopoly and …