Barriers to trade come in a variety of forms. This paper examines one such barrier, export restrictions, and how it … impacts trade and global supply in selected strategic metals and minerals. The metals and minerals examined in the paper are … imperfections. This paper examines the motivations for using export restrictions and finds varying impacts on trade and global …

The paper analyzes the trade flows of the CIS countries with an emphasis on manufactured goods. An abstract in Russian … study examines trends in the volume of this trade and its geographical and commodity distribution. The CIS countries … the prices they recieve are much lower. The level of intra-industry trade, as well as marginal intra-industry, of these …

We estimate the effect of international trade on average labour productivity across countries. Our empirical approach … relies on a summary measure of trade that, we argue, is preferable to the one conventionally used on both theoretical and … empirical grounds. In contrast to the marginally significant and non-robust effects of trade on productivity found previously …