The Marrakesh Agreement establishing the WTO recognizes the need for positive efforts designed to ensure that … developing countries and especially the least developed among them secure a share in the growth in international trade … commensurate with the needs of their economic development.This article discusses how the WTO contributes to facilitating Africa …

How should economists interpret current trade wars and the recent U.S. trade actions that have initiated them? This … paper offers an interpretation of current U.S. trade actions that is at once more charitable and less forgiving than that … selecting countries with which it runs bilateral trade deficits as the most suitable targets of its bargaining tariffs. Less …

most theories of trade cooperation are issues of self-enforcement: The threat of reprisal by an aggrieved party maintains … demonstrate to what extent the literatures of trade cooperation and dispute institutions are (and should be) interlinked. On the …Economic theory has made considerable progress in explaining why sovereign countries cooperate in trade. Central to …

Natural resources account for 20% of world trade, and dominate the exports of many countries. Policy is used to … manipulate both international and domestic prices of resources, yet this policy is largely outside the disciplines of the WTO … (equivalent to trade taxes if no domestic production is possible). We review the literature, and argue that the policy equilibrium …

before the World Trade Organization (WTO), and has generally been found to be inconsistent with the WTO obligations of the …

A Transatlantic Free Trade Area (TAFTA) has been proposed in the mid-1990s to revitalize the economic and political … trade area for its members with respect to trade in goods and services and investment flows. It then looks at potential … effects for third countries, and discusses how TAFTA fits into the WTO institutional rule system for the world economy and how …

In order to ensure transparency and to keep abreast of trade policies in support of sustainability, the WTO Committee … on Trade and Environment (CTE) mandated the WTO Secretariat to compile and collate all environment-related measures … notified to WTO. The database also includes environment-related entries found in Trade Policy Reviews (TPRs). This information …