identify weaknesses of China's tariff policy which should be removed to avoid trade conflicts with its partners and primarily … to foster its own economic transformation. The authors conclude that the escalation of trade conflicts can trigger … protectionist measures from China and other countries, thus launching a race to the bottom against openness for international trade …

(US) and to some extent also from the European Union (EU) as concerns China's investment and trade policies on the one … hand and the intrinsic insight that opening up the investment and trade sector in China would support its structural change … trade. These reform measures are introduced and discussed in more detail in this policy paper. …

identify weaknesses of China's tariff policy which should be removed to avoid trade conflicts with its partners and primarily … to foster its own economic transformation. The authors conclude that the escalation of trade conflicts can trigger … protectionist measures from China and other countries, thus launching a race to the bottom against openness for international trade …

(US) and to some extent also from the European Union (EU) as concerns China's investment and trade policies on the one … hand and the intrinsic insight that opening up the investment and trade sector in China would support its structural change … trade. These reform measures are introduced and discussed in more detail in this policy paper. …

In the early 1990s, the United States began to run a significant trade deficit with China due to the dual forces of … greater trade liberalization and China’s transition from a command economy towards a market economy. Proponents of free trade … challenges of applying World Trade Organization regulations on market driven economies. The effects will be even more difficult …