This paper examines whether and, if so, why source country heterogeneity exists in foreign direct investment (FDI). Using detailed data on all Swedish firms for the period from 1996 to 2009, we find statistical evidence that affiliate performance differs systematically across source countries....

This article describes the transition of MOL, the Hungarian Oil and Gas Company, from a state-owned enterprise to a privately owned regional-multinational company and outlines its growth to become a leading player in the CEE region. It also illustrates how the company went through the internal...

This paper examines whether and, if so, why source country heterogeneity exists in foreign direct investment (FDI). Using detailed data on all Swedish firms for the period from 1996 to 2009, we find statistical evidence that affiliate performance differs systematically across source countries....

On the global stage, competitive advantages are gained by creating, transferring and exploiting competences across operations and locations internationally. In consequence, conglomerates are redesigning their strategies to focus on core businesses, yet with a global scope. De-diversification and...

This chapter is from the book "Conquering Global Markets: Secrets from the World's Most Successful Multinationals" which presents the findings of one of the largest research projects undertaken of its type. Senior executives from fifty multinational companies from sixteen countries were...

As the legislation on foreign direct investment (FDI) in Hungary has been probably the most liberal in Central and Eastern Europe since the mid-1980s, FDI is the primary form chosen by Western firms to enter the Hungarian market. The major channels of FDI include the privatisation of former...

Research on companies' internationalization has mainly focused on firm-level and country-level factors in order to explain firms' cross-border activities. With the exception of a limited number of studies emphasizing rivalistic behavior in oligopolistic industries, industry factors have been...

The theoretical as well as empirical literature on companies' internationalization has mainly focused on firm-level and country-level factors in order to explain firms' cross-border activities. With the exception of a limited number of studies, especially those emphasizing rivalistic behavior in...

In recent years, there has been a fundamental shift in the innovation architecture of global firms. Rapid growth of the middle class in emerging markets, led by China, India, Brazil and Russia, is fueling the need to create affordable innovations in local markets. Such local innovations tend to...

This paper deals with divestment, i.e. the closure or sell-off of units in foreign locations, or conversely units owned by foreign firms. Such actions are discussed from the perspective of the firms making such decisions, and divestment assessments are looked at through the lens of international...