, this paper examines the occurrence of IP litigation cases in Belgian firms using the 2013 Community Innovation Survey with … supplemental information on IP litigation and patent portfolios. The rich survey information regarding firms’ general innovation … imitation and incremental innovation. Our results indicate that when controlling for firms’ IP portfolio, the composition of …

market (innovation). It turns out that spillovers from rivals lead to more imitation, while inputs from customers and … research institutions enhance original innovation. …

-in-differences design to causally identify the short-run impact of COVID-19 on innovation spending in 2020 and expected innovation spending … substantially reduced innovation expenditure not only in the first year of the pandemic (2020) but also in the two subsequent years …, indicating ’Long–Covid’ effects on innovation. In 2020, innovation expenditure fell by 4.7 % due to the pandemic. In 2022 …

as reduced remuneration and job loss. However, managers might over-invest into innovation for reasons of growth implying … their own interests. When entrenched, managers do not fear detrimental effects of risky innovation projects on their career …, and hence tend to over-invest into innovation. …

innovation, i.e. weakly controlled managers show a higher innovation propensity. However, the higher the leverage the more …

variables the motives for innovation expenditures are also taken into account. We differentiate between firms which intend to …

This paper considers the U.S. Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program as a policy fostering academic …