A system of components can be in series, parallel, or combined series/parallel. The components and system are protected individually and overarchingly by a defender, and attacked individually and overarchingly by an attacker. Both layers of protection have to be breached for an attack to be...

A system of two components is analyzed as a two-period game. After period 1 the system can be fully operational, in two states of intermediate degradation, or fail. Analogously to changing failure rates in dependent systems analyzed with Markov analysis, unit costs of defense and attack, and...

In this paper we compare the residual lifetime of a used coherent system of age t0 with the lifetime of the similar coherent system made up of used components of age t. Here ‘similar’ means that the system has the same structure and the component lifetimes have the same dependence (joint...