greater Washington, DC metropolitan area. We compare two social cost functions - one restricted to congestion alone and …

related to poor air quality, urban road congestion, and greenhouse gases. This paper takes a case study, focused on Mauritius …-based vehicle taxes to address congestion. …

externalities from local and global air pollution, traffic congestion, and road accidents. In our benchmark case, the optimal … congestion, the largest externality, more directly, and we put the optimized auto toll at 20.3 cents per mile. Tolls should also …

global pollution, oil dependence, traffic congestion and traffic accidents. It then discusses current federal policies … congestion tolls, and insurance reform, and we summarize what appears to be the appropriate combination of policies to address …

into account unpriced pollution, congestion, and accident externalities and interactions with the broader fiscal system. We … values are moderately sensitive to alternative parameter assumptions. The congestion externality is the largest component in … congestion cost. Revenue-raising needs, incorporated in a “Ramsey” component, also play a significant role, as do accident …

This paper reviews literature on the optimal design of pricing policies to reduce urban automobile congestion. The … congestion, and interactions between congestion taxes and the broader fiscal system. We also briefly discuss the incidence of … congestion taxes and experience with this policy in the United States and elsewhere. Although the economics literature on …

Economists have long advocated congestion pricing as an efficient way of allocating scarce roadway capacity. However …, with a few exceptions, congestion tolls are rarely used in practice and strongly opposed by the public and elected … concerns that congestion pricing will adversely affect low-income travelers remain. In this paper, we use a strategic …

In determining the marginal cost of congestion, economists have traditionally relied upon directly measuring traffic … congestion on network links, disregarding any “network effects,” since the latter are difficult to estimate. While for simple … (START) to compare marginal congestion costs computed link-by-link with measures taking into account network effects. We find …